Autism Symptoms
Approximately 1 in 50 children and youth aged between 1 to 17 in Canada are estimated to have autism spectrum disorder, according to the National Institute of Health (NIH). While early autism symptoms often appear by the age of 2 to 3 years, many parents overlook them, thinking the behaviors are simply part of their child’s unique personality.
Sometimes delays in speech, motor skills, or social interaction can be part of a temporary developmental phase that children eventually outgrow. But if these challenges persist or become more noticeable over time, they could be a sign of autism or another developmental condition. Recognizing these signs early helps parents to seek the right support at the right time.
Through this write-up, we will discuss the common autism symptoms, along with key developmental milestones. This will help parents understand what is considered normal and when it might be time to seek professional help.
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?
Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects how a child’s brain develops and functions, influencing how they interact with the world around them. It is often characterized by social communication and interaction challenges, along with repetitive patterns of behavior, activities, or interests.
The prevalence of ASD is 4x more among boys than girls, and often has co-occurring conditions like epilepsy, anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Many children with autism symptoms also experience difficulties such as sleep disturbances or self-injurious behaviors.
What are the Signs and Symptoms of Autism in Children?
Some children show signs of autism symptoms in early infancy, while others may develop typically for the first few months or years before symptoms become more noticeable. Each child with ASD has a unique pattern of behavior that depends on the severity of symptoms.
Below are some age-specific autism symptoms and signs:
Up to 12 Months of Age
- Little or no babbling
- No eye contact
- More interested in objects than people
- No attention when spoken to directly
- Playing with toys in an unusual manner
- Repetitive movements with hands, fingers, arms, or head
Up to 2 Years of Age
- Very specific or limited area of interest
- Little or no interest in other children around
- Behavioral issues like self-isolation, sleep disturbance, or self-injury
- Repeating words or phrases
- Difficulty with reciprocal social interactions
- Difficulty with reciprocal social interactions (like playing peek-a-boo)
- Distress by changes in routines and rituals
- Struggle to express emotions
Possible Signs of Autism at Any Age
- Not making eye contact, difficulty using facial expressions
- Unusual response to sensory inputs, such as light, sounds, and textures
- Difficulty with language development or expression
- Anxiety or meltdown
- Delayed language development or non-verbal communication
- Challenges in initiating conversations
- Distressed by a change in routine
How Do Parents Know If It’s Autism or Just a Child’s Unique Personality?
Every child grows and learns at their own speed. Some are talkative and active, while others are quiet and prefer playing alone. Having a different personality does not always mean something is wrong. However, sometimes, certain behaviors may signal a developmental condition like autism.
The challenge for parents is telling apart what is simply a part of their child’s individuality and what might need further attention. The best way to understand this is by looking at developmental milestones. While small differences are normal, missing several milestones could be a sign to consult a doctor.
Common developmental milestones most children reach:
- By 12 months: Responds to their name, babbles, waves “bye-bye,” and shows interest in people.
- By 18 months: Says several single words, points to objects they want, and walks without support.
- By 2 years: Uses simple two-word phrases, follows simple instructions, enjoys simple pretend play.
- By 3 years: Speaks in short sentences, plays with other children, and shows a wide range of emotions.
- By 4 years: Tells short stories, understands basic rules, shows interest in cooperative play.
If a child is not reaching these milestones, avoids eye contact, does not respond to their name, or shows repetitive movements, it is important to consider an autism diagnosis.
How is Autism Diagnosed?
Diagnosing autism involves a thorough review of a child’s development and behaviors rather than a single medical test. Healthcare professionals, such as pediatricians, psychologists, or developmental specialists, observe how a child communicates, plays, and interacts with others. They gather detailed information from parents or caregivers about the child’s milestones and daily activities. This helps identify patterns that may indicate autism.
They use special tools and guidelines during the diagnosis. These include standardized checklists and structured interviews designed to evaluate social skills, language abilities, repetitive behaviors, and interests.
Diagnosis usually occurs between ages 2 and 4, when signs become more apparent. However, in some cases, it may be identified earlier or later. Early diagnosis is important because it allows families to access support and interventions that can improve a child’s growth and development.
What Therapies and Interventions Can Help After an Autism Diagnosis?
After a child is diagnosed with autism, many parents begin searching for a cure. Autism is a lifelong condition that lasts throughout a person’s life. While it cannot be cured, there are many therapies and interventions that help manage autism symptoms and improve the child’s quality of life. These therapies focus on supporting communication, behavior, social skills, and daily activities.
Here are some common therapies and how they help:
- ABA Therapy (Applied Behavior Analysis): This therapy helps children learn new skills by encouraging positive behaviors and reducing difficult ones. It uses clear steps and rewards, which can improve communication, social interaction, and daily routines.
- Speech and Language Therapy: Many children with autism symptoms face challenges with speaking or understanding language. Speech therapy supports these areas, helping children express themselves better and understand others.
- Psychotherapy: This helps children manage their emotions and cope with anxiety or frustration. It supports mental well-being and can improve behavior over time.
- Occupational Therapy: This therapy focuses on everyday skills like eating, dressing, and playing. It also helps with sensory sensitivities, such as discomfort with certain sounds or textures.
- Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT helps children understand their thoughts and feelings. It teaches ways to handle stress, reduce anxiety, and improve reactions to different situations.
- Play Therapy: Using play, this therapy encourages children to express their feelings and develop social and emotional skills through creative activities.
- Social Skills Training: This teaches how to interact with others, understand social cues, and build friendships. It helps children feel more confident in social settings.
Each child is unique, so therapists tailor plans to their individual needs. Often, they use several of these therapies together in a holistic approach to achieve better outcomes. Early and consistent support can make a significant difference in a child’s development and daily life.
Conclusion
Every child grows and learns at their own pace, and not all follow the same timelines parents might expect. However, children with autism often show delays in talking, playing, or socializing before the age of three. These early autism symptoms can help parents and caregivers understand when to seek support.
If you have concerns about your child’s development or think that your child may have autism spectrum disorder, reaching out for professional help is the need of the hour. Kick Start Therapy offers caring and personalized therapy services designed to support children with autism and their families.
With experienced therapists and a range of proven therapies, Kick Start Therapy helps children build essential skills and grow with confidence. Early support can make a real difference in a child’s progress and daily life.
FAQs
What are the Behaviors of a Child with Autism?
Children with autism may have trouble communicating and socializing. They might avoid eye contact, repeat certain actions, have strong routines, or show intense focus on specific interests. Sensory sensitivities and delayed speech are also common behaviors. Each child can show different signs.
What is the Biggest Red Flag for Autism?
One of the biggest red flags is difficulty with social interaction, such as not responding to their name by 12 months or avoiding eye contact. Other early signs include limited speech, repetitive movements, and a lack of interest in playing with others.
At What Age does Autism Start?
Autism signs usually appear before the age of 3. Some children show signs in infancy, but most are diagnosed around 2 to 3 years old when communication and social delays become more noticeable.
Is ADHD a Form of Autism?
No, ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is not a form of autism. Both are different neurodevelopmental conditions, but they can sometimes appear together in the same child, making diagnosis and support more complex.
Can a Child with Autism be Normal?
Children with autism symptoms are unique individuals. While they may face challenges in communication and social skills, many lead fulfilling, meaningful lives. With the right therapy support, they can learn, grow, and participate fully in family and community activities.
Is Autism a Disability in Canada?
Yes, autism is recognized as a developmental disability in Canada. This classification helps individuals access special services, supports, and protections under Canadian laws to promote inclusion and equal opportunities.